Does the Pill Impact Fertility?
August 15, 2023
When it comes to birth control pills, there are often concerns and misconceptions regarding their impact on future fertility.
William J. Weeks, D.O., obstetrics and gynecology specialist at Jersey Shore University Medical Center sheds light on common misconceptions surrounding the pill's effect on fertility and provides valuable insights into menstrual irregularities associated with its usage.
Does the pill affect future fertility?
Contrary to popular belief, birth control pills do not affect future fertility. According to Dr. Weeks, "Oral contraceptive pills temporarily prevent pregnancy and do not cause infertility."
Research indicates that the majority of women can resume their natural fertility within one to two menstrual cycles after discontinuing the pill. This temporary delay in fertility should not be mistaken for permanent infertility.
Does the duration of pill usage impact fertility?
Dr. Weeks reassures that the duration of pill usage does not significantly affect future fertility.
"Whether you've been using the pill for a short time or several years, the body's hormonal balance typically returns to normal within a couple of cycles after discontinuation," he explains.
It is important to remember that individual factors may influence fertility, and if you have concerns, consulting with your doctor is always a good idea.
How does the pill work?
Birth control pills contain synthetic hormones that prevent pregnancy in several ways.
- These hormones stop the ovaries from releasing eggs, making it unlikely for fertilization to occur.
- The pill also thickens the cervical mucus, creating a barrier that makes it challenging for sperm to reach the egg.
- It also alters the lining of the uterus, making it less receptive to the implantation of a fertilized egg.
These combined effects make birth control pills highly effective at preventing pregnancy when taken as directed.
Menstrual Irregularities Associated With Birth Control
Dr. Weeks confirms that all types of birth control, including pills, can sometimes cause menstrual irregularities.
"These irregularities are mainly related to the hormonal effects of the body adjusting to the presence of these hormones," he explains.
When starting a new hormonal contraceptive, spotting between periods or changes in the length or intensity of menstruation are common. If these irregularities persist or become bothersome, consult with your doctor.
What are signs of infertility?
“It's important to note that infertility is not caused by the use of birth control pills. Infertility refers to the inability to conceive after a year of regular, unprotected intercourse. For women aged 35 years or older, couples should see a healthcare provider after six months of regular, unprotected intercourse.” says Dr. Weeks.
Some signs of infertility include:
- Irregular or absent menstrual cycles
- Severe menstrual pain
- Hormonal imbalances
- Male fertility concerns such as low sperm count, poor sperm motility or abnormal sperm morphology
- Known reproductive disorders
Dr. Weeks emphasizes the importance of talking with healthcare professionals when using any form of birth control. "Your doctor can provide personalized guidance, help manage any menstrual irregularities that may arise, and address any concerns you may have about fertility," he advises.
Next Steps & Resources:
- Meet our source: William J. Weeks, D.O.
- To make an appointment with Dr. or a doctor near you, call 800-822-8905 or visit our website.
- Learn more about women’s health services
The material provided through HealthU is intended to be used as general information only and should not replace the advice of your physician. Always consult your physician for individual care.
