PCOS Supplements: What You Need to Know

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 10-15 percent of women of reproductive age. This complex endocrine disorder can be characterized by irregular menstrual cycles, signs of hyperandrogenism, and multiple small ovarian follicles. 

Common symptoms of PCOS include:

• Infrequent or prolonged periods
• Excessive facial and body hair
• Acne
• Male-pattern baldness
• Weight gain
• Difficulty getting pregnant

Given the wide range of symptoms and potential health risks associated with PCOS, many women seek various treatment options. While lifestyle changes are crucial for managing PCOS, many women turn to supplements. But which supplements can actually help? 

Jocelyn A. Carlo, M.D., director of gynecology at Hackensack Meridian Jersey Shore University Medical Center, offers insights into potentially beneficial supplements for PCOS management.

Choosing Supplements Wisely

Before trying out any supplements, Dr. Carlo emphasizes the importance of choosing carefully.

• Verify correct dosages
• Read labels carefully
• Look for third-party testing certifications (NSF International, USP, ConsumerLab)
• Avoid unnecessary additives or fillers
• Choose reputable manufacturers following Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)

It's crucial to consult with a health care provider before starting any new supplement regimen, as some supplements can interact with medications or may not be suitable for everyone.

Supplements That May Help

Below Dr. Carlo highlights 12 different supplements that show potential benefits for PCOS:

• Ashwagandha: May protect ovarian health, improve egg quality, promote ovulation, and offer cardiovascular benefits that indirectly support fertility.

• B-Complex Folic Acid: May help manage insulin resistance by supporting carbohydrate metabolism. Folic acid may lower homocysteine levels, reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease.

• Berberine: Shows promise in improving insulin sensitivity and aiding weight loss.

• Chromium: May enhance insulin action and aid fat and carbohydrate metabolism, potentially improving blood sugar control and weight management.

• Coenzyme Q10: May protect ovarian health, improve egg quality, promote ovulation, and offer cardiovascular benefits that indirectly support fertility.

• Omega-3 and Fish oil: These have anti-inflammatory properties and may improve insulin resistance and hormone balance.

• Inositol: Can aid insulin sensitivity and may reduce androgen levels, potentially leading to more regular ovulation.

• Magnesium: Helps support glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

• Melatonin: May protect ovarian tissue, improve egg quality and embryo development, potentially increasing IVF success rates.

•  N-acetylcysteine (NAC): Some studies suggest NAC can improve insulin sensitivity and ovulation rates.

•  Vitamin D: Many women with PCOS are deficient in vitamin D. Supplementation may help regulate menstrual cycles.

•  Zinc: This mineral might help balance androgen levels and improve acne symptoms.

Weight Management and Lifestyle Changes: Crucial Components for PCOS

Many women with PCOS struggle with weight management. “Managing weight is crucial in improving PCOS symptoms and reducing long-term risks of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, certain cancers, and infertility,” says Dr. Carlo. She recommends the following supplements that may aid in weight loss efforts:

• Inositol: 2-4 grams per day
• Chromium: 200-1,000 mcg per day
• NAC: 600-1800 mg per day
• Berberine: 500 mg two to three times a day

Probiotics may also help with weight management by influencing the gut-brain connection and regulating appetite. However, supplements alone are not enough. Lifestyle modifications are essential:

• Maintain a healthy diet rich in whole foods, lean proteins, and healthy fats
• Engage in regular exercise, including both aerobic activity and strength training
• Aim for even a modest 5-10 percent weight loss, which can significantly improve PCOS symptoms

When to See Your Doctor

Consider consulting a gynecologist if you experience:

• Menstrual cycles longer than 35-40 days
• Sudden increase in acne or hair growth
• Skin darkening
• Difficulty conceiving after one year of trying (sooner if over 35 - an evaluation is warranted)
• Family history of PCOS or diabetes

Early intervention is key. Even in adolescence, PCOS symptoms can be evident and should be addressed to prevent long-term complications.

Next Steps & Resources:

• Meet our source: Jocelyn A. Carlo, M.D.
• To make an appointment with Dr. Jocelyn Carlo or a doctor near you, call 800-822-8905 or visit our website.

The material provided through HealthU is intended to be used as general information only and should not replace the advice of your physician. Always consult your physician for individual care